Adaptation needs and concerns of senior citizens living in old age homes

Context: Adaptation needs of senior citizens are not well explored in research, especially among people living in old age homes situated in developing countries like India. Aim: The aim of the study was to understand the needs and concerns of senior citizens living in old age homes and its effect on their adaptation. Subjects and Methods: Using the purposive sampling method, fifteen residents of an old age home and their three caregivers were interviewed to describe their views and experiences. The tools used were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment and an in-depth interview schedule. Statistical Analysis: Qualitative data were analyzed using Atlas ti. 7 for identifying major themes and subthemes. Results: The results showed that the major needs and concerns of senior citizens were unmet medical needs, difficulty to handle negative attitudes of staff, difficulty to adapt with new environment and culture, and emotional issues. Conclusion: Findings indicate the importance of addressing the adaptation needs of the elderly living in old age homes.

Condición física saludable y su relación con habilidades básicas para la independencia del adulto mayor / Healthy physical condition and its relationship with basic skills for the independence of the senior citizen / Condição física saúdavel e sua relação com habilidades básicas para a independência do idoso

Introducción: se estudia la relación entre la condición física saludable y algunas habilidades básicas para la independencia de las personas mayores del municipio de La Plata, Argentina, desde el año 2015 al 2018. Hipótesis: Las personas adultas mayores que tienen mejor condición física tienen mayor independencia para las actividades de la vida diaria básicas. Métodos: se aplicó el test de Barthel para medir las habilidades para la vida diaria en adultos mayores. Se midió la fuerza máxima de prensión con dinamómetro, y se tomaron las pruebas "velocidad de la marcha" y "time up and go", para evaluar condición física. Se calculó correlación, coeficiente de determinación. Resultados: 91 adultos mayores, 25 hombres, 64 mujeres. Edad: 74,81±9,38, peso: 69,99±19,09, talla: 155±13,06. A medida que aumentó la edad, la fuerza máxima disminuyó significativamente (r-0,40 R2 0,16, p<0,05). La fuerza muscular es significativamente mayor en personas que son independientes que en aquellas que tienen algún grado de dependencia (dependientes Fmax 17,47 kg ± 6,58 P<0,05 con IC 95% 14,1-20, 85 vs independientes Fmax 23,76 kg ± 6,3 P<0,05 con IC 95% 22,27-25,25). Conclusiones: la fuerza máxima de prensión de la mano está relacionada con la independencia para las actividades de la vida diaria. El componente de fuerza muscular puede ser relevante en programas de salud y calidad de vida en esta población.

Introduction: The relationship between healthy physical condition and some basic skills for the independence of the senior citizen in the Municipality of La Plata, Argentina, from 2015 to 2018 is studied. Hypothesis: senior citizens who are in better physical condition have greater independence for basic activities of daily living. Methods: the Barthel test was applied to measure daily living skills on senior citizens. The maximum grip strength was measured with dynamometer, and the "walking speed" and "time up and go" tests were applied to assess physical condition. Correlation, coefficient of determination was calculated. Results: A total of 91 senior citizens, 25 men, 64 women with an average age of 74.81 ± 9.38, average weight 69.99 ± 19.09, and average height 155 ± 13.06 were evaluated. As age increased, the maximum strength decreased significantly (r-0.40, R2 0.16, p <0.05). Maximum strength is significantly greater in people who are independent than in those who have some degree of dependence (dependent Fmax 17,47kg ± 6,58 with IC 95% 14,1-20,85 vs independent 23,76 kg ± 6,3 P <0.05 with IC 95% 22.27-25.25). Conclusions: the maximum grip strength of the hand is related to the independence for activities of daily living. The component of muscular strength may be relevant in health and quality of life programs in this population.

A escola é um espaço privilegiado de promoção da saúde, em Colômbia se desenvolve a estratégia escola saudável como uma ferramenta integradora de políticas em saúde no âmbito escolar. Objetivo: o estudo busca avaliar a execução da estratégia escola saudável no contexto rural do município de Ibagué. Materiais e métodos: a avaliação da execução se realizou mediante a construção de um modelo lógico e a definição de critérios avaliativos em relação com os ambientes saudáveis, as políticas públicas e planos para a escola saudável, a participação social, o empoeiramento e a educação para a saúde. Avaliaram se um total de 93 escolas rurais, a informação foi levantada mediante questionários aos responsáveis das escolas e a través de entrevistas aos gestores de saúde. Resultados: se identificaram problemáticas sanitárias e ambientais nas escolas associadas às carências da ruralidade, falta de articulação do setor saúde e educação, baixa participação social, a educação enfocada à prevenção da doença. Conclusão: promover os entornos escolares saudáveis na ruralidade requer de um marco legal nacional e local que garante à atuação estadual, a intersetorial, a participação efetiva do setor educativo, a renovação da saúde e que promova interesses e vontades político, sociais e administrativas.

Condición física saludable y su relación con habilidades básicas para la independencia del adulto mayor / Healthy physical condition and its relationship with basic skills for the independence of the senior citizen / Condição física saúdavel e sua relação com habilidades básicas para a independência do idoso

Resumen Introducción: se estudia la relación entre la condición física saludable y algunas habilidades básicas para la independencia de las personas mayores del municipio de La Plata, Argentina, desde el año 2015 al 2018. Hipótesis: Las personas adultas mayores que tienen mejor condición física tienen mayor independencia para las actividades de la vida diaria básicas. Métodos: se aplicó el test de Barthel para medir las habilidades para la vida diaria en adultos mayores. Se midió la fuerza máxima de prensión con dinamómetro, y se tomaron las pruebas "velocidad de la marcha" y "time up and go", para evaluar condición física. Se calculó correlación, coeficiente de determinación. Resultados: 91 adultos mayores, 25 hombres, 64 mujeres. Edad: 74,81±9,38, peso: 69,99±19,09, talla: 155±13,06. A medida que aumentó la edad, la fuerza máxima disminuyó significativamente (r-0,40 R2 0,16, p<0,05). La fuerza muscular es significativamente mayor en personas que son independientes que en aquellas que tienen algún grado de dependencia (dependientes Fmax 17,47 kg ± 6,58 P<0,05 con IC 95% 14,1-20, 85 vs independientes Fmax 23,76 kg ± 6,3 P<0,05 con IC 95% 22,27-25,25). Conclusiones: la fuerza máxima de prensión de la mano está relacionada con la independencia para las actividades de la vida diaria. El componente de fuerza muscular puede ser relevante en programas de salud y calidad de vida en esta población.

Abstract Introduction: The relationship between healthy physical condition and some basic skills for the independence of the senior citizen in the Municipality of La Plata, Argentina, from 2015 to 2018 is studied. Hypothesis: senior citizens who are in better physical condition have greater independence for basic activities of daily living. Methods: the Barthel test was applied to measure daily living skills on senior citizens. The maximum grip strength was measured with dynamometer, and the "walking speed" and "time up and go" tests were applied to assess physical condition. Correlation, coefficient of determination was calculated. Results: A total of 91 senior citizens, 25 men, 64 women with an average age of 74.81 ± 9.38, average weight 69.99 ± 19.09, and average height 155 ± 13.06 were evaluated. As age increased, the maximum strength decreased significantly (r-0.40, R2 0.16, p <0.05). Maximum strength is significantly greater in people who are independent than in those who have some degree of dependence (dependent Fmax 17,47kg ± 6,58 with IC 95% 14,1-20,85 vs independent 23,76 kg ± 6,3 P <0.05 with IC 95% 22.27-25.25). Conclusions: the maximum grip strength of the hand is related to the independence for activities of daily living. The component of muscular strength may be relevant in health and quality of life programs in this population.

Resumo Introdução: A escola é um espaço privilegiado de promoção da saúde, em Colômbia se desenvolve a estratégia escola saudável como uma ferramenta integradora de políticas em saúde no âmbito escolar. Objetivo: o estudo busca avaliar a execução da estratégia escola saudável no contexto rural do município de Ibagué. Materiais e métodos: a avaliação da execução se realizou mediante a construção de um modelo lógico e a definição de critérios avaliativos em relação com os ambientes saudáveis, as políticas públicas e planos para a escola saudável, a participação social, o empoeiramento e a educação para a saúde. Avaliaram se um total de 93 escolas rurais, a informação foi levantada mediante questionários aos responsáveis das escolas e a través de entrevistas aos gestores de saúde. Resultados: se identificaram problemáticas sanitárias e ambientais nas escolas associadas às carências da ruralidade, falta de articulação do setor saúde e educação, baixa participação social, a educação enfocada à prevenção da doença. Conclusão: promover os entornos escolares saudáveis na ruralidade requer de um marco legal nacional e local que garante à atuação estadual, a intersetorial, a participação efetiva do setor educativo, a renovação da saúde e que promova interesses e vontades político, sociais e administrativas.

La participación en organizaciones sociales de personas mayores que viven en zonas rurales del sur de Chile y su efecto sobre la salud / The participation of Senior Citizen organizations living in rural areas of southern Chile and their effect on health

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación fue describir el contexto histórico cultural de Forrahue, Pucatrihue y Neltume y su influencia en las condiciones de vida de las personas mayores que pertenecen a organizaciones sociales de personas mayores. Estudio cualitativo, interpretativo y crítico realizado en el segundo trimestre del año 2017. El estudio se realizó en tres localidades rurales del sur de Chile, seleccionadas según características sociodemográficas de los territorios y viabilidad de la investigación. Participaron tres organizaciones sociales de personas mayores de 60 años, contactadas por informantes claves, trabajadores de dispositivos de atención primaria de las localidades. Se realizaron tres grupos de discusión y entrevistas en profundidad a un total de 18 personas mayores, principalmente mujeres, integrantes de organizaciones sociales. Para procesar los datos, se usó análisis de contenido. El estudio muestra el rol positivo de la asociatividad y participación social para la mantención de estados de salud y la mitigación de condiciones de vida que determinan vulnerabilidad: pobreza, aislamiento y deterioro producto de la edad. Evidencia la necesidad de integrar la participación social como una estrategia sanitaria, desde el reconocimiento de formas naturales de convivencia y no estructuradas desde agentes sanitarios. Se presenta evidencia sobre el valor del sentido de pertenencia territorial en la edad avanzada y de la actividad con sentido compartido y cotidiano.

Abstract The aim of the research presented was to describe the historical and cultural context of Forrahue, Pucatrihue and Neltume and their influence on the living conditions of older people belonging to social organisations of older people. Qualitative, interpretative and critical study carried out in the second quarter of 2017. The study was carried out in three rural localities in southern Chile, selected according to the socio-demographic characteristics of the territories and the viability of the research. Three social organizations of people over 60 years of age participated, contacted by key informants, workers of primary care devices in the localities. Three discussion groups and in-depth interviews were conducted with a total of 18 older people, mostly women, members of social organizations. Content analysis was used for the analysis. The study shows the positive role of association and social participation in maintaining health conditions and mitigating living conditions that determine vulnerability: poverty, isolation and deterioration due to age. Evidence of the need to integrate social participation as a health strategy, from the recognition of natural forms of coexistence and unstructured from health agents. Evidence is presented on the value of the sense of territorial belonging in advanced age and of activity with shared, everyday meaning.

Personas en proceso de reintegración mayores (PPRM) en Colombia, retos para su reintegración / Senior Citizens in the Reintegration Process (PPRM) in Colombia: Challenges for their reintegration

Resumen Al analizar la Ruta de reintegración de la Agencia para la Reincorporación y la Normalización (ARN) para las Personas mayores en Colombia que han hecho parte de grupos armados al margen de la ley e inician procesos de reintegración a la vida civil, en el Estado Colombiano, se deja entrever por una lado que, esta población es especialmente vulnerable en tanto tienen más dificultad para adaptarse a la vida civil, advierte de la necesidad de reconocer los vacíos que exigen emplear enfoques diferenciales para abordar de forma adecuada las condiciones y necesidades particulares de este conjunto poblacional, destaca además, la importancia de aumentar o mejorar la oferta pública y privada de servicios que permitan una atención integral y sostenible.

Abstract By analyzing the Route of Reintegration of the Agency for Reintegration and Standardization (ARN) for senior citizens in Colombia, who have been part of illegal armed groups and initiate processes of reintegration into the civilian life, in the Colombian State, it is evident, on the one hand, that this population is especially vulnerable as they have more difficulty adapting to the civilian life. It warns of the need to recognize the gaps that require particular conditions and needs of this population group. It further stresses the importance of increasing and/or improving the public and private offer of services, which allow comprehensive and sustainable care.

Idosos e redes sociais digitais: um estudo exploratório / Mayores y redes sociales digitales: un estudio exploratorio / Older adults and digital social networks: an exploratory study

Considerando os fenômenos do envelhecimento populacional e da crescente popularização das novas tecnologias, este artigo buscou investigar aspectos afetivos e cognitivos envolvidos na compreensão e utilização de redes sociais digitais (RSD) por idosos. Para tanto, contou com a participação de 26 pessoas, com idades entre 65 e 74 anos, com perfis ativos em RSD, a partir de amostra de conveniência. Essas foram entrevistadas individualmente, tendo por referência o método clínico piagetiano. Os dados coletados foram submetidos à análise de conteúdo, priorizando-se a leitura qualitativa. Os resultados indicaram que os idosos, apesar de não pertencerem a uma geração nativa das atuais tecnologias e terem dificuldades para conceituar as RSD, estão ativos e participativos nelas, especialmente no Whats-App. Demonstraram também que os idosos começaram a utilizar tais ferramentas a partir do incentivo de familiares, de necessidades de trabalho e comunicação e, ainda, de interesse em sentirem-se pertencentes ao contexto social contemporâneo. Verificou-se que o uso de RSD pode contribuir para a promoção do desenvolvimento nessa etapa da vida, por meio da autovalorização e de um processo ativo de conhecimento. Tais aspectos reforçam, portanto, a premissa de Piaget no que tange à continuidade do desenvolvimento humano, de forma ativa e dinâmica, mesmo entre os mais velhos. Espera-se com este estudo contribuir para outras investigações com foco na velhice e nas novas tecnologias a partir da perspectiva da Psicologia do Desenvolvimento.

Considering the phenomena of population aging and the increasing popularization of new technologies, this article aimed to investigate the affective and cognitive aspects involved in the comprehension and use of digital social networks (DSN) by older adults. Twenty-six people were interviewed, from 65 to 74 years old, with active profiles on DSN, from a convenience sample. Individual interviews were made, using Piaget's clinical method. The data were submitted to a content analysis, prioritizing a qualitative reading. The results indicated that older adults ­ although not belonging to a native generation of the new technologies and having difficulty defining the DSN ­ are active and participative on them, especially on WhatsApp. They also demonstrated that they started to use these tools with the encoura gement of family members, for need at work and to communicate, and also because of an interest in belonging to the contemporary social context. It was found that the use of DSN can contribute to the promotion of development in this phase of life, through self-valorization and an active process of knowledge. Such aspects reinforce Piaget's premise regarding the continuity of human development, actively and dynamically, even among older adults. This study is expected to contribute to other investigations focusing on old age and new technologies from the perspective of Developmental Psychology.(AU)

Los seniors en la publicidad española: tensiones entre la investigación, planificación y la representación de los mayores en los anuncios / Senior citizens in Spanish advertising: tensions between research, planning and representation of the elderly in advertisements / Idosos na publicidade espanhola: tensões entre pesquisa, planejamento e representação dos mais velhos nos anúncios

El presente artículo analiza las continuidades y discontinuidades que se producen entre la investigación, la planificación de medios y la construcción de las representaciones sobre los mayores en la publicidad española. El estudio, centrado en los anuncios sobre envejecimiento, mayores y salud, se ha implementado desde una triangulación metodológica que incluye técnicas como el análisis del discurso, la encuesta y la revisión de literatura sobre segmentación publicitaria. Las conclusiones apuntan a una restricción de las representaciones puestas en juego en los anuncios respecto a la diversidad planteada por los profesionales y en la literatura científica. Se plantea el reto de superar las visiones excesivamente individualistas del mayor y de la gestión de su salud, al tiempo que emerge como alternativa la concepción de la salud como un espacio simbólico de conflicto y negociación.(AU)

The article analyzes the continuities and descontinuities that occur between research, media planning and the construction of representations of senior citizens in Spanish advertising. The study, centered on advertisements about aging, senior citizens and health, employed a methodological triangulation that included techniques like discourse analysis, research, and a literature review on segmentation in advertising. The conclusions point to a limitation of the representations called into play in advertisements regarding the diversity established by professionals and in the scientific literature. It is necessary to face the challenge of overcoming the excessively individualistic views of the elderly and of the management of their health. At the same time, the conception of health as a symbolic space of conflict and negotiation emerges as an alternative..(AU)

O presente artigo analisa as continuidades e descontinuidades que ocorrem entre a pesquisa, o planejamento de mídia e a construção das representações dos idosos na publicidade espanhola. O estudo, centrado nos anúncios sobre envelhecimento, idosos e saúde, foi implementado a partir de uma triangulação metodológica que incluiu técnicas como a análise do discurso, a pesquisa e a revisão de literatura sobre segmentação publicitária. As conclusões apontam para uma limitação das representações postas em jogo nos anúncios a respeito da diversidade estabelecida pelos profissionais e na literatura científica. Constitui-se o desafio de superar as visões excessivamente individualistas sobre o idoso e da gestão de sua saúde, ao tempo que emerge como alternativa a concepção da saúde como um espaço simbólico de conflito e negociação..(AU)

O Condomínio Cidade Madura: um estudo de caso de uma nova maneira de morar da pessoa idosa brasileira / The City Mature Condominium: a case study of a new way of dying of the old brazilian person / El Condominio Cidade Madura: un estudio de caso de una nueva forma de vida para los ancianos brasileños

O envelhecimento populacional é um fenômeno vivenciado em todo o mundo. No Brasil, esse processo é relativamente recente, embora esteja ocorrendo de maneira acelerada. Em relação aos fatores determinantes do envelhecimento, destacam-se os tipos de moradia, que podem influenciar diretamente na longevidade de um indivíduo. Diante do breve exposto, objetiva-se evidenciar as condições de habitação como fator influente na vida dos idosos residentes no Condomínio Cidade Madura, implantado em João Pessoa, capital do estado da Paraíba. Para tanto, empregam-se, como metodologia, a observação direta, o estudo de caso e o registro fotográfico. Nota-se que a iniciativa é um avanço na área de habitação para a pessoa idosa, especialmente para os de baixa renda. Conclui-se, portanto, que o condomínio atende razoavelmente às questões físicas da moradia.

Population aging is a phenomenon experienced worldwide. In Brazil, this process is relatively recent, although it is happening at an accelerated rate. Regarding the determinants of aging, the types of housing stand out, which can directly influence the individual's longevity. Given the brief exposed, the objective is to highlight housing conditions as an influential factor in the lives of the elderly living in Condomínio Cidade Madura, located in João Pessoa, capital of the state of Paraíba. For that, direct observation, case study and photographic record are used as methodology. It is noted that the initiative is an advance in the housing area for the elderly, especially for the low-income. It is concluded, therefore, that the condominium meets reasonably the physical issues of housing.

El envejecimiento de la población es un fenómeno experimentado en todo el mundo. En Brasil, este proceso es relativamente reciente, aunque está ocurriendo a un ritmo acelerado. En cuanto a los determinantes del envejecimiento, se destacan los tipos de vivienda, que pueden influir directamente en la longevidad del individuo. Dado el informe expuesto, el objetivo es destacar las condiciones de vivienda como un factor influyente en la vida de los ancianos que viven en Condomínio Cidade Madura, ubicado en João Pessoa, capital del estado de Paraíba. Para eso, la observación directa, el estudio de caso y el registro fotográfico se utilizan como metodología. Cabe señalar que la iniciativa es un avance en el área de vivienda para personas mayores, especialmente para los de bajos ingresos. Se concluye, por lo tanto, que el condominio cumple razonablemente los problemas físicos de la vivienda.

Accessibility to and utilization of healthcare services pre- and post-typhoon Yolanda as perceived by senior citizens in a rural area in the Philippines

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>BACKGROUND</strong>: The problems of accessibility to and utilization of healthcare services are fundamental and constant issues in every country's healthcare system especially among the senior citizens.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> The study investigated the accessibility to and utilization of healthcare services among senior citizens in the Province of Leyte as determined by the predisposing, enabling, and need factors.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>METHOD:</strong> The sample consisted of 496 60 years old and above senior citizens from randomly selected barangays of Districts 1 and 2 of Leyte Province. An interview schedule was designed to gather data through structured interviews. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics to determine the level of accessibility and utilization, Point-biserial and Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient (Pearson's r) and eta correlation to check significant relationships among variables, and multiple linear regression to identify predictors of accessibility and utilization.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Findings revealed that sex, occupation, primary source of income, health status, medical condition, and disability had weak correlations with accessibility and utilization during pre-typhoon and post-typhoon. Lastly, medical conditions and health status were the best predictors of accessibility and utilization during pre-typhoon and post-typhoon. These findings lead to the development of a local model on the accessibility to and utilization of healthcare services that are more reflective for senior citizens in rural areas in the Philippines.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> More research is needed to replicate these results to substantiate the significance of addressing the healthcare needs of the senior citizens in rural areas.</p>

Intervención sicológica en adultos mayores con depresión / Psychological intervention in senior citizens with depression

Introducción: Los cambios biológicos, sicológicos, económicos y sociales que se observan durante el envejecimiento conllevan a pensar que en los ancianos existe una serie de factores que favorecen la aparición de una depresión. Objetivo: evaluar la efectividad de una intervención sicológica para disminuir la depresión en adultos mayores de la Casa de abuelos "Dr. Diego Tamayo Figueredo", de Puerto Padre, en el período de noviembre de 2013 - mayo de 2014. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio de intervención sicológica en una muestra de 12 adultos mayores de la casa de abuelos. Se aplicó un programa de intervención sicológica, así como la Escala de Depresión Geriátrica para realizar la valoración antes y después de la intervención. Se empleó el modelo Cognitivo- Conductual de Beck. Los datos fueron tratados según la estadística descriptiva. Resultados: el porciento más elevado de pacientes correspondió al grupo de ancianos con edades entre los 60 y 90 años de edad. Respecto al sexo, el más frecuente es el masculino. El asma bronquial, la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes Mellitus representaron el mayor porciento de antecedentes patológicos personales. Conclusión: la intervención sicológica resultó efectiva pues se logró disminuir a leve los niveles iniciales de depresión establecida y los considerados con leve a no depresión, por lo tanto se afirma que con su aplicación fue modificado el estado emocional de los adultos mayores que se implicaron en la muestra.

Introduction: Biological, psychological, financial and social changes observed during aging lead to think that there is a series of factors that favor the appearance of depression in senior citizens. Objective: Assessing the effectiveness of a psychological intervention in order to reduce depression in senior citizens from "Dr. Diego Tamayo Figueredo" Senior Citizens' House, Puerto Padre, from November 2013 to May 2014. Material and methods: A psychological intervention study was conducted on a sample of 12 senior citizens from the house. A psychological intervention program as well as the Geriatrics Depression Scale were applied before and after the intervention in order to make the assessment. The Beck's cognitive-behavior model was used. Data was processed according to descriptive statistics. Results: The highest percentage of patients corresponded to a group of seniors between 60 and 90 years of age. Regarding sex, males are more common. Bronchial asthma, arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus represented the highest percentage of personal pathological history. Conclusion: The psychological intervention proved to be effective since initial established depression levels were reduced to minor and those considered as minor were reduced to no depression ; therefore, it is stated that its application modified the state of mind of the senior citizens involved in the sample.

Influencia de la Diabetes mellitus en la salud bucal del adulto mayor / Influence of the Diabetes mellitus in the buccal health care

Introducción: Debido al rápido crecimiento del grupo de adultos mayores y diabéticos en la población cubana, es posible predecir que los requerimientos en la atención odontológica serán mayores en los próximos años, por lo que la prevención y atención en Odontogeriatria se considera una necesidad del presente y futuro inmediatos. Objetivo: Determinar la influencia de la Diabetes mellitus en el estado de salud bucal del adulto mayor. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en la clínica estomatológica del policlínico universitario Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy del Wajay, en el período de 2015 a 2016. La muestra fue de 634 adultos mayores de los tres consultorios seleccionados por un sistema de conglomerado monoetápico. Se realizó examen bucal y se completó un formulario para la recolección de la información. Las variables estudiadas fueron:Diabetes mellitus, edad, sexo, factores de riesgos y enfermedades bucales. Resultados: En la población diabética, predominó el grupo de 60-74 años y sexo femenino; los factores de riesgo que prevalecieron fueron las prótesis desajustadas (60 por ciento), la xerostomía (58 por ciento) (p=0,001) y el hábito de fumar (32 por ciento); las enfemedades más frecuentes, la periodontal (58,3 por ciento), las úlceras traumáticas (13,3 por ciento) y la queilitis angular (7.9 por ciento); solo existió significación en las dos últimas. Conclusiones: En la población diabética prevaleció el grupo de 60 a 74 años y sexo femenino. Las prótesis desajustadas fue el factor de riesgo más representado; seguido por la xerostomía, el hábito de fumar y la enfermedad periodontal y las úlceras traumáticas las enfermedades bucales que predominaron(AU)

Introduction: Due to the fast growth of the group of elderly and diabetics in the Cuban population, it is possible to predict that the requirements in the odontology attention will be greater in the next years. For that reason the prevention and attention in the Odontogeriatry is considered a necessity of the present and future Immediate. Objective: To determine the influence of the Diabetes mellitus in the state of the buccal health care of the senior citizens in the dentistry clinic in Wajay through 2015 to 2016. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the stomatology clinic of the Polyclinic Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy in the period from 2015 to 2016. The sample was 634 older adults from the three clinics selected by a single-stage conglomerate system. A mouth exam was performed and a form for collecting the information was completed. The variables studied were: Diabetes mellitus, age, sex, risk factors and oral diseases. Results: In the diabetic population, the group of 60-74 years and female gender predominated. The risk factors that prevailed were maladaptive prostheses (60 percent), xerostomia (58 percent) (p = 0.001) and smoking (32 percent); Periodontal disease (58.3 percent), traumatic ulcers (13.3 percent) and angular cheilitis (7.9 percent); There was only meaning in the last two. Conclusions: In the population studied prevailed the group of 60 to 74 years and female sex. The maladaptive prostheses were the most represented risk factor; Followed by xerostomia, smoking and periodontal disease and traumatic ulcers predominant oral diseases(AU)

Procedimentos cirúrgicos e idosos longevos: Revisão da literatura / Surgical procedures and longevous seniors: Literature review / Procedimientos quirúrgicos y ancianos longevos: Revisión de la literatura

A pesquisa visa a conhecer a produção científica sobre procedimentos cirúrgicos em idosos longevos octogenários e analisar suas características gerais. Trata-se de pesquisa de revisão integrativa em banco de dados da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde LILACS, Pubmed e SciELO, analisando-se 15 artigos publicados em português. O tratamento cirúrgico em octogenários tem-se mostrado viável. É necessária avaliação individualizada, não existindo critério universal para seleção ou rejeição de pacientes idosos, levando-se em conta as doenças pré-existentes.

The research aims to know the scientific production on surgical procedures in elderly octogenarians and to analyze their general characteristics. This is an integrative review in a database of the Health Virtual Library LILACS, Pubmed and SciELO, analyzing 15 articles published in portuguese. Surgical treatment in octogenarians has been shown to be feasible. Is necessary individual evaluation, and there is no universal criterion for selection or rejection of elderly patients, taking into account pre-existing diseases.

La investigación tiene como objetivo conocer la literatura científica sobre procedimientos quirúrgicos en octogenarios mayores y analizar sus características generales. Se trata de una revisión integradora de la investigación en la base de datos Biblioteca Virtual en Salud LILACS, SciELO y PubMed, analizando 15 artículos publicados en portugués. El tratamiento quirúrgico en octogenarios se ha demostrado que es factible. Es necesaria la evaluación individualizada y no existe un criterio universal para la selección o el rechazo de los pacientes de edad avanzada, teniendo en cuenta las condiciones pre-existentes.

Feasibility Study on the Dietary Improvement Program Development for Senior Citizens / 대한지역사회영양학회지

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of the study was to develop dietary change program items that could be used to improve dietary life of the elderly and investigate their validity. METHODS: The survey was were analyzed by SPSS program (Ver. 21) and descriptive statistics was performed; a t-test, χ² test, One-way ANOVA and Friedman test were used to determine the priority. RESULTS: Programs for feeding senior citizens that need to be newly established are largely divided into two fields, namely, application of welfare facilities and application of home care, classified into large, medium and sub-classes. The large class was divided into nutrition management, sanitary control, and other health management. The medium class of nutrition management was divided into nutrition education, nutrition intervention, and menu management and supply. The sub-class was composed of division into application of welfare facilities for the elderly and application of home care for the same age group. Responses showed high rate saying that all the categorized items were necessary and valid. With respect to expectation effect on a community program for old people feeding, ‘yes’ was 65 people (55.6%) showing very high expectation toward the question whether a community program for old people feeding are newly set up. CONCLUSIONS: It is believed that nutrition for the aged will be improved and it will be a help not only to a small facilities without obligation of employing a dietician but also to the aged at home if a community program for old people feeding are newly established.

Influencia de algunos factores biopsicosociales en el bienestar subjetivo de adultos mayores institucionalizados / Influence of some biopsychosocial factors in the subjective well-being of institutionalized elderly

Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal de 10 ancianos institucionalizados en la Casa de Abuelos de Baracoa, en el período 2014-2015, para evaluar algunos de los factores biopsicosociales que influyen en su bienestar subjetivo. En la serie predominaron el grupo etario de 70-79 años, el nivel escolar primario, el estado civil divorciado, las enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles, así como la ausencia de pareja y de apoyo social. Las dimensiones más afectadas fueron la autoaceptación, el apoyo social, el dominio del ambiente y el crecimiento personal.

A descriptive and cross-sectional study of 10 institutionalized elderly in the senior citizens center in Baracoa, was carried out during 2014-2015, to evaluate some of the biopsychosocial factors that influenced in their subjective well-being. In the series the 70-79 age group, the primary school level, divorced marital status, the chronic non communicable diseases, as well as couple and social support absence prevailed. The most affected dimensions were the selfacceptance, social support, the environment control and personal growth.

Caracterización del adulto mayor hospitalizado: un estudio retrospectivo / Characterization of elderly hospitalized: a retrospective study

Objetivos: identificar las características del adulto mayor de 60 años, usuario de los servicios hospitalarios de internamiento del segundo nivel de atención durante los años 2006 al 2009. Material y métodos: el estudio fue documental, retrospectivo, realizado en el año 2011, se estudió al total de la población mayor de 60 años que recibieron atención en área de hospitalización de los Servicios de Medicina Interna, Cirugía, Ginecología y Traumatología entrelos años 2006 al 2009, por medio del censo de la información capturada en el Sistema Automatizado de Egresos Hospitalarios (SAEH) del departamento de registros hospitalarios del Hospital Civil de Cd. Madero Tamaulipas. Resultados: el total de pacientes hospitalizados fue de 3422, el 60,4% fueron mujeres, predominando el grupo de edadde 60-69 años con 1477 pacientes. Los servicios más utilizados fueron Medicina Interna y Cirugía, encontrándose que la Diabetes Mellitus y sus complicaciones representaron el porcentaje más alto 14,1% de las hospitalizaciones durante los 4 años, seguido de las cardiopatías con el 13,7%. El 50,1% de los pacientes permaneció de 1 a 3 días hospitalizados y el 82,8% (2835) egresaron por mejoría. Conclusión: la información obtenida permite comprobarla efectividad de la política de salud actual en relación al otorgamiento de servicios de atención a la salud a los desprotegidos, que se refleja en una disminución de la utilización de los servicios de hospitalización del grupoetario en estudio.

Objectives: to identify the characteristics of senior citizens older than 60 who were users of inpatient hospital care at a secondary level hospital between 2006 and 2009. Material and Methods: It is a desk, prospective study conducted in 2011. The sample was the total population older than 60 years old who received care in an inpatient area of Internal Medicine, Surgery, Gynecology and Traumatology between 2006 and 2009 through a data census captured by the Hospital Discharge Automated System (SAEH) from hospital records department of the Civil Hospital of Madero Tamaulipas city. Results: the total number of hospitalized patients was 3422. A 60,4 % were women; 1477 patients represented the group of 60-69 years old hence dominating the results. The most frequently used services were Internal Medicine and Surgery, finding that the Diabetes Mellitus and its complications represented 14.1 %, which is the highest percentage of hospitalizations in these 4 years, followed by heart disease with 13,7 %. A 50,1 % of patients remained hospitalized from one to 3 days and a 82,8% (2835) was discharged due to improvement. Conclusions: the gathered information allows checking the effectiveness of current health policy regarding the provision of services health care to the most vulnerable, reflected in a decrease in the use of inpatient services in the age group under study.

Effect of the expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010 (Republic Act of 9994) on drug accessibility among the elderly

@#<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>OBJECTIVE:</strong> This study aims to determine the effect of the Expanded Senior Citizens Act of 2010 on drug accessibility among elderly.<br /><strong>METHODS:</strong> Descriptive, cross-sectional design involving 775 senior citizens from Manila,Pampanga, Iloilo, Bacolod, Cagayan De Oro and Iligan.<br /><strong>RESULTS:</strong> Thirty-eight percent (38%) of senior citizens were not aware of the law, but 90% knew about the 20% discount and 54% knew about the 12% VAT exemption. Half (50%) of them ask for 20% discount all the time when they buy their medicines. Only half are given full discount every time they ask for it, and 32% are given to the VAT exemption. As a result, less than half (48%) are able to buy all their medicines.<br /><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> Privileges are not fully enjoyed by senior citizens either due to lack of awareness or noncompliance of drug outlets to the provisions of the Law.</p>

Percepciones acerca de los beneficios de la equinoterapia para preservar la integridad psicofísica de adultos mayores / Perceptions about the potential benefits of equine therapy as a means to preserve the psycho-physical integrity of senior citizens

El siguiente trabajo incursiona en la aplicación de los fundamentos y práctica de la equinoterapia2 en adultos mayores (de 55 años de edad en adelante).Se procede a una revista de la literatura académica internacional en lo concerniente al bienestar de los adultos mayores para poder establecer el estado actual de la discusión y verificar si la equinoterapia podría resultar una respuesta aceptable y útil para resolver los problemas citados por los autores al respecto. A fin de poder contrastar las visiones globales de los letrados con la realidad local, se efectuó una pequeña encuesta complementaria a adultos mayores que practican actividad física regularmente, tendiente a verificar si los patrones predichos por la literatura se concretaban en las opiniones populares de las personas interesadas. Se concluye que la equinoterapia es una herramienta potencialmente benéfica para promover y asegurar el bienestar psicofísico de los adultos mayores, pero que lamentablemente no se encuentra lo suficientemente diseminada. Los adultos mayores no la conocen o no la relacionan como una de las disciplinas que podrían practicar y además por falta de recomendación médica frecuente, no existen grandes posibilidades para que las personas mayores que viven en zonas urbanas puedan trasladarse a entornos donde hay caballos ni acceder de manera económicamente plausible a la equinoterapia...

The following piece drowns into the application of the main ideas and practices of Equine Therapy in senior citizens (55 years old and over).We proceed by performing a literature review of the most updated papers in the field of elderly people’s welfare to verify whether Equine Therapy could result in an acceptable and useful response to the most frequently quoted problems that persons approaching and having reached retirement age usually face. In order to be able o contrast global views on the matter with the local reality, we managed to undertake a small complementary survey to verify whether the predicted patterns by the literature coincide with the popular opinions of the individuals concerned. We have reached the conclusion that Equine Therapy is a potentially beneficial tool to promote and ensure the psycho-physical welfare of senior citizens. Nevertheless, it has not been sufficiently disseminated among this population yet and no initiatives have been undertaken to promote its popularity. One option to promote its use could be by making it easier for citizens from urban areas to gain access to fields where horses can be kept and the discipline can be practiced...

Gestão Gerontológica Individual / Individual Gerontological Management

Este artigo tem como objetivo apresentar a Gestão Gerontológica Individual, que visa proporcionar o envelhecimento saudável, com base em um programa de atividades a ser inserido na rotina dos idosos. As experiências relatadas foram realizadas durante a pesquisa de doutorado da autora em sua empresa e, posteriormente, reaplicadas em outros contextos. A experiência também será discutida à luz de trabalhos científicos. Espera-se que esse trabalho possa contribuir com a área da Gerontologia Aplicada.

This article aims to present the Individual Gerontological Management aimed at providing healthy aging, based on a program of activities to be inserted into the routine of the elderly. The experiences were carried out during the author's doctoral research in your company, subsequently reapplied in other contexts. The experience presented will also be discussed in the light of scientific work. It is expected that this work will contribute to the field of applied gerontology.

O Tempo e o cuidado na velhice / The Time and care in old age

Os temas deste Volume Temático da Revista Kairós Gerontologia versam sobre o multifacetado tema do "Cuidar" na velhice, em diferentes contextos e dentro de uma abordagem multidisciplinar. Com isso, espera-se que os textos aqui apresentados possam contribuir para o campo da pesquisa e da prática na área da Gerontologia, auxiliando profissionais e familiares na complexa tarefa de cuidar de idosos.

The themes of this Thematic Volume of the Magazine Kairós Gerontology deal with the multifaceted theme of "Caring" in old age, in different contexts and within a multidisciplinary approach. Thus, it is expected that the texts presented here can contribute to the field of research and practice in the field of Gerontology, helping professionals and family in the complex task of caring for the elderly.

Idosos praticantes e não praticantes de exercícios físicos: uma comparação do estado de equilíbrio / Elderly practitioners and non physical exercise practitioners: a comparison of the balance of state

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar e comparar o equilíbrio corporal estático e dinâmico entre um grupo de idosos praticantes de exercícios físicos (hidroginástica) e um grupo de idosos não praticantes de exercícios físicos. Através dos resultados, utilizando a metodologia proposta, verificou-se que, ao analisar individualmente os grupos do pré- para o pós-teste, ambos não obtiveram melhoras significativas. Ao comparar, porém, o equilíbrio entre os dois grupos no pré- e pós-teste pode-se afirmar que houve melhoras significativas no grupo de praticantes de hidroginástica, com p=0,046 (pré-teste), e p=0,038 (pós-teste).

The objective of this study was to evaluate and compare the static and dynamic body balance among a group of elderly practitioners of physical exercise (aerobics) and a non-practicing group of elderly of exercise. From the results using the proposed method, it was found that by individually analyzing the groups for the pre-post test, both not achieved significant improvement. But when comparing the balance between the two groups in the pre and post-test can be stated that there was significant improvement in the group of water gymnastics classes, with p = 0,046 (pre-test), p = 0,038 (post-test).